Socrates (470 – 399 BC)(Ancient Literature)

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                                   Socrates

(470 – 399 BC)




 Socrates was a classical Greek Philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western Philosophy.

 He is an enigmatic figure chiefly known through the accounts of classical writers especially the writings of

his students Plato and Xenophon and the plays of his contemporary Aristophanes.

 Socrates has become renowned for his contribution to the field of Ethics and it is this Platonic Socrateswho lends his name to the concept of Socratic Irony and the Socratic Method.

Socrates also made important and lasting contributions to the field of Epistemology.

 Socrates never individually wrote anything that remains extant. As a result, all first-hand information about him and his philosophies depend upon secondary sources. This issue is known as Socratic Problem orSocratic Question.

 To understand Socrates one must turn primarily to the works of Plato, whose dialogues are thought themost informative source about Socrates’ life and philosophy and also Xenophon. These writings are the

Socratikoilogoi or Socratic Dialogue which consists of reports of conversations apparently involvingSocrates.

 He was prominently lampooned in Aristophanes’ comedy “The Clouds”.

 In comedy entitled “The Clouds” ancient Greek author Aristophanes pokes fun at Socrates.

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